Classification and Working Principle of Microporous Tube Diffusers
By: Kate
Post Date: July 7th, 2025
Email:info@aquasust.com
Post Tags: Tube diffuser, WastewaterTech，WaterTreatment ， Sustainability
Microporous tube diffusers are aeration equipment widely used in fields such as wastewater treatment. The following provides a detailed introduction:
Classification
1. By Material:
Reinforced Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) Hose Type
Rubber Membrane Type (e.g., EPDM rubber membrane tube diffuser. The membrane, primarily made of Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer (EPDM), features properties like aging resistance, corrosion resistance, and tear resistance.)
Ceramic Type
Corundum Type (Features high-temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, and stable operation in harsh environments.)
Semi-Corundum Type
Siliceous Type
Titanium Type
2. By Structural Form:
Hose Type: Inflates during aeration and collapses when aeration stops. Common inner diameters include 62.5mm and 65mm, with thin walls (approx. 2mm), resulting in low air pressure loss and resistance to biofilm growth.
Tubular Type: Utilizes microporous aeration membranes. Standard lengths include 500mm, 750mm, and 1000mm, with various diameters. Offers high oxygen transfer efficiency and low energy consumption.
Disc Type
Bell-shaped Type
Panel Type
3. By Pore Characteristics:
Expandable Orifice Type: e.g., Membrane tube diffusers. Pores open during aeration and close when aeration stops, effectively preventing backflow and clogging.
Fixed Orifice Type
Working Principle
Microporous tube diffusers operate by using a blower to force air through an air supply pipeline to the diffusers located at the bottom of the tank. Air enters the diffuser body via air distribution branches, forming an annular air chamber between the aeration membrane tube and the support structure. This causes the membrane tube to inflate. Air is then discharged into the water body through the expandable micropores on the membrane tube, forming fine bubbles. Oxygen dissolves into the water at the gas-liquid interface, achieving the purpose of aeration and oxygenation. When air supply ceases, the elastic membrane tube contracts and tightly wraps around the support structure. Simultaneously, the micropores close due to elastic retraction, preventing water from backflowing into the air chamber.
Performance Characteristics
1. High Oxygen Transfer Efficiency: Microporous tube diffusers generate a large quantity of fine bubbles, typically with diameters less than 3mm. This provides a large gas-liquid contact area, resulting in high oxygen transfer efficiency. In 6 meters of clean water, oxygen utilization rates can exceed 30%, with oxygenation efficiency reaching 7.5 kgO₂/kW·h or higher.
2. Uniform Air Distribution: The evenly distributed pores enable uniform air distribution, leading to more consistent oxygen dispersion in the wastewater. This promotes microbial growth and metabolism, enhancing wastewater treatment efficiency.
3. Strong Corrosion Resistance: Different materials offer varying corrosion resistance. For instance, EPDM rubber membranes exhibit strong tolerance to weak acids, weak alkalis, and common wastewater constituents. Corundum materials can withstand more severe corrosive environments, ensuring a long service life.
4. Resistance to Clogging: The unique structural design and the self-closing function of the membrane prevent wastewater impurities from entering the tube and clogging the micropores when aeration is stopped. They also possess a degree of anti-clogging capability during operation, facilitating easier maintenance.
5. Convenient Installation and Maintenance: Installation of microporous tube diffusers is generally straightforward, often requiring no complex equipment or procedures. For example, hose-type diffusers can be secured simply with clamps on the tank bottom without additional complex equipment. Some tubular diffusers allow for installation and replacement without stopping production, avoiding downtime losses and sludge removal costs.
Application Scope
Microporous tube diffusers are extensively used in municipal wastewater treatment, industrial wastewater treatment, and other fields. They demonstrate excellent performance in mainstream wastewater treatment technologies like the Activated Sludge Process and A/O (Anoxic/Oxic) processes. They are also effectively employed in wastewater treatment for industries such as food processing, slaughterhouses, and pharmaceuticals. Furthermore, they are suitable for aeration in special environments, including the treatment of wastewater containing complex media like solvents and oils.
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